Indian literature is a vast and ancient tradition encompassing religious texts like the Vedas and epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata, as well as secular works in numerous languages including Sanskrit, Tamil, Hindi, and English. It includes oral traditions, poetry, drama, and prose, with a history spanning from ancient times to the modern era, influenced by various religions and, more recently, by Western literary styles. Common themes include spirituality, duty, love, and the human condition.